Τhe Dictionary of #Psychology and #Psychoanalysis Trends 5

 

#Extraversion-#Introversion (1910): 

One of the #Big #Five personality factors, ranging from extreme extraversion, characterised by #traits such as sociability and assertiveness, to extreme #introversion, characterized by reserve and passivity.

The concept of introversion/extraversion was introduced in 1910 by Carl Gustav #Jung (1875-1961). Also called '#surgency'. Often spelt #extroversion, but this is an unnecessary deviation from the Latin root. 

Source: The Oxford Dictionary of Psychology - Andrew M. Colman (4th edition, 2015: Oxford University Press).

 

Τhe Dictionary of #Psychology and #Psychoanalysis Trends 4

 

#Fight-or-#flight #response (1929): 

A term introduced by the US physiologist Walter Bradford Cannon (1871-1945), and popularised in his book 'Bodily changes in pain, hunger, fear and rage' (1929), for the syndrome of physiological responses of an organism confronted with a situation that evoles fear, pain, or anger, such responses being mobilized by the secretion of adrenalin (epinephrine) from the adrenal medulla, preparing the organism to fight or to flee. 

It includes increased blood pressure, accelerated heart rate, deepened respiration, increased sweating, dilation of the pupils, diversion of blood flow from the digestive tract to the skeletal muscles and cessation of digestive processes, release of sugar from reserves in the liver, and closure of the sphincter of the bladder, leading to retention of urine.

Source: The Oxford Dictionary of Psychology - Andrew M. Colman (4th edition, 2015: Oxford University Press).